Timeline 3: AD 410 to AD 1054

Dated sequence

1. AD 410
   Sack of Rome by Alaric

   Key event in world history: Sack of Rome by Alaric.

   atlas_event · PLEIADES, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

2. AD 415
   Cyril of Alexandria

   Church Father or ecclesiastical writer in the intellectual and dogmatic context of his age.

   church_history · JEROME_VIRIS, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

3. AD 418
   Council of Carthage against Pelagianism

   Important local, regional, or apostolic council/synod; not automatically classified as an ecumenical council.

   church_history · CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

4. AD 428
   Nestorian crisis

   Doctrinal controversy or rupture that occasioned ecclesial definition, synods, controversial literature or lasting divisions.

   church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

5. AD 431
   3rd Ecumenical Council: Ephesus

   Ecumenical council in the Catholic conciliar series; dogmatic and disciplinary acts are linked through the source registry.

   church_history · VATICAN_COUNCILS, CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

6. AD 431
   Council of Ephesus

   Ecumenical council in Church history: Council of Ephesus.

   atlas_event · WHG, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

7. AD 432
   Patrick in Ireland

   Missionary expansion of the Church with local church formation, schools, catechesis and at times martyrdom.

   church_history · VATICAN_EVANGELIZATION, CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

8. AD 435
   Leo the Great

   Church Father or ecclesiastical writer in the intellectual and dogmatic context of his age.

   church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

9. AD 440
   Monophysite and Monothelite controversies

   Doctrinal controversy or rupture that occasioned ecclesial definition, synods, controversial literature or lasting divisions.

   church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

10. AD 451
    4th Ecumenical Council: Chalcedon

    Ecumenical council in the Catholic conciliar series; dogmatic and disciplinary acts are linked through the source registry.

    church_history · VATICAN_COUNCILS, CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

11. AD 451
    Council of Chalcedon

    Definition of the one person of Christ in two natures.

    atlas_event · PLEIADES, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

12. AD 476
    End of the Western Roman imperial office

    The deposition of Romulus Augustulus conventionally marks the end of the Western Empire.

    atlas_event · PLEIADES, CAMBRIDGE_ANCIENT

13. AD 484
    Acacian schism

    Ecclesial rupture or jurisdictional crisis with long-term consequences.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

14. AD 496
    Baptism of Clovis

    The Frankish king's adoption of the Catholic faith strengthens Latin Christendom.

    atlas_event · WHG, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

15. AD 529
    Benedict and Monte Cassino

    Religious or monastic tradition with its own spiritual, missionary or scholarly historical impact.

    church_history · CE_RELIGIOUS_LIFE, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

16. AD 529
    Benedict of Nursia at Monte Cassino

    Benedictine monasticism becomes a foundational force of the Western Church.

    atlas_event · WHG, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

17. AD 529
    Second Council of Orange

    Important local, regional, or apostolic council/synod; not automatically classified as an ecumenical council.

    church_history · CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

18. AD 553
    5th Ecumenical Council: Constantinople II

    Ecumenical council in the Catholic conciliar series; dogmatic and disciplinary acts are linked through the source registry.

    church_history · VATICAN_COUNCILS, CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

19. AD 553
    Second Council of Constantinople

    Ecumenical council in Church history: Second Council of Constantinople.

    atlas_event · WHG, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

20. AD 565
    Empire of Justinian

    The Eastern Empire temporarily reconquers large parts of the former West.

    atlas_event · PLEIADES, CAMBRIDGE_ANCIENT

21. AD 585
    Gregory the Great

    Church Father or ecclesiastical writer in the intellectual and dogmatic context of his age.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

22. AD 589
    Third Council of Toledo

    Important local or regional council/synod; not classified as an ecumenical council.

    church_history · CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

23. AD 590
    Beginning of Gregory the Great’s pontificate

    Church-historical reference point in the synchronous world-history atlas.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

24. AD 597
    Augustine of Canterbury

    Missionary expansion of the Church with local church formation, schools, catechesis and at times martyrdom.

    church_history · VATICAN_EVANGELIZATION, CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

25. AD 605
    Isidore of Seville

    Church Father or ecclesiastical writer in the intellectual and dogmatic context of his age.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

26. AD 622
    Hijra and beginning of the Islamic era

    Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina becomes the epoch of the Islamic calendar.

    atlas_event · CAMBRIDGE_ANCIENT, WHG

27. AD 622
    Islamic era begins

    Key event in world history: Islamic era begins.

    atlas_event · CAMBRIDGE_ANCIENT, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

28. AD 638
    Arab capture of Jerusalem

    Jerusalem comes under Muslim rule.

    atlas_event · WHG, CAMBRIDGE_ANCIENT

29. AD 649
    Lateran Synod of 649

    Important local, regional, or apostolic council/synod; not automatically classified as an ecumenical council.

    church_history · CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

30. AD 664
    Synod of Whitby

    Important local or regional council/synod; not classified as an ecumenical council.

    church_history · CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

31. AD 680
    6th Ecumenical Council: Constantinople III

    Ecumenical council in the Catholic conciliar series; dogmatic and disciplinary acts are linked through the source registry.

    church_history · VATICAN_COUNCILS, CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

32. AD 680
    Third Council of Constantinople

    Ecumenical council in Church history: Third Council of Constantinople.

    atlas_event · WHG, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

33. AD 692
    Quinisext / Council in Trullo

    Important local, regional, or apostolic council/synod; not automatically classified as an ecumenical council.

    church_history · CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

34. AD 705
    Bede the Venerable

    Church Father or ecclesiastical writer in the intellectual and dogmatic context of his age.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

35. AD 711
    Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula

    Key event in world history: Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula.

    atlas_event · OHM, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

36. AD 716
    Boniface in the German lands

    Missionary expansion of the Church with local church formation, schools, catechesis and at times martyrdom.

    church_history · VATICAN_EVANGELIZATION, CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

37. AD 725
    John of Damascus

    Church Father or ecclesiastical writer in the intellectual and dogmatic context of his age.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

38. AD 726
    Iconoclast controversy

    Doctrinal controversy or rupture that occasioned ecclesial definition, synods, controversial literature or lasting divisions.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

39. AD 732
    Battle of Tours and Poitiers

    Key event in world history: Battle of Tours and Poitiers.

    atlas_event · OHM, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

40. AD 787
    7th Ecumenical Council: Nicaea II

    Ecumenical council in the Catholic conciliar series; dogmatic and disciplinary acts are linked through the source registry.

    church_history · VATICAN_COUNCILS, CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

41. AD 787
    Second Council of Nicaea

    Ecumenical council in Church history: Second Council of Nicaea.

    atlas_event · WHG, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

42. AD 794
    Council of Frankfurt

    Important local, regional, or apostolic council/synod; not automatically classified as an ecumenical council.

    church_history · CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

43. AD 800
    Coronation of Charlemagne

    The western imperial title is renewed in Rome.

    atlas_event · WHG, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

44. AD 800
    Imperial coronation of Charlemagne

    Church-historical reference point in the synchronous world-history atlas.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

45. AD 829
    Ansgar in the North

    Missionary expansion of the Church with local church formation, schools, catechesis and at times martyrdom.

    church_history · VATICAN_EVANGELIZATION, CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

46. AD 843
    Treaty of Verdun

    Key event in world history: Treaty of Verdun.

    atlas_event · OHM, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

47. AD 863
    Cyril and Methodius among the Slavs

    Missionary expansion of the Church with local church formation, schools, catechesis and at times martyrdom.

    church_history · VATICAN_EVANGELIZATION, CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

48. AD 863
    Mission of Cyril and Methodius

    Mission and liturgy in the Slavonic language shape Central and Eastern Europe.

    atlas_event · WHG, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

49. AD 863
    Photian conflict

    Ecclesial rupture or jurisdictional crisis with long-term consequences.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

50. AD 869
    8th Ecumenical Council: Constantinople IV

    Ecumenical council in the Catholic conciliar series; dogmatic and disciplinary acts are linked through the source registry.

    church_history · VATICAN_COUNCILS, CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

51. AD 910
    Cluny

    Religious or monastic tradition with its own spiritual, missionary or scholarly historical impact.

    church_history · CE_RELIGIOUS_LIFE, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

52. AD 962
    Coronation of Otto I

    A major date in the later history of the Holy Roman Empire.

    atlas_event · OHM, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

53. AD 962
    Imperial coronation of Otto I

    Church-historical reference point in the synchronous world-history atlas.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

54. AD 988
    Baptism of Rus'

    Key event in world history: Baptism of Rus'.

    atlas_event · OHM, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

55. AD 1046
    Synod of Sutri

    Important local, regional, or apostolic council/synod; not automatically classified as an ecumenical council.

    church_history · CE_GENERAL_COUNCILS

56. AD 1050
    Cathar movements

    Doctrinal controversy or rupture that occasioned ecclesial definition, synods, controversial literature or lasting divisions.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

57. AD 1054
    Rupture between Rome and Constantinople

    Ecclesial rupture or jurisdictional crisis with long-term consequences.

    church_history · CE_CHURCH_HISTORY, KATHOLON_SYNTHESIS

Method and limits

Items are ordered by their recorded year. Coincidence in the same window does not by itself establish causation. Church, political and atlas records retain their source classes and IDs.